KOHALA RANCH WATER COMPANY Water Quality
KOHALA RANCH WATER COMPANY
2025 Annual Report to Consumers on Water Quality
The purpose of this report is to provide important information on the quality of water delivered by the Kohala Ranch Water Co. (KRWC) for calendar year 2024. This annual Consumer Confidence Report contains details about the Kohala Ranch water system, the quality and source of the water, how it compares to Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) and Department of Health (DOH) regulations, as well as other required educational information. The EPA has recommended this information be provided to all water customers of every water utility nationwide.
Based upon KRWC’s testing, the data presented is from the most recent water quality reports, and performed in accordance with regulations. KRWC’s water is safe to drink, and the water that KRWC delivers meets or exceeds state and federal standards. KRWC does not conduct formal informational meetings; therefore, any inquiries regarding this report may be directed to KRWC’s on-site operations office at (808) 315-7563.
Water delivered to your residence originates from an aquifer located below the 1500 ft. elevation within the Kohala Ranch Subdivision. KRWCs two Deep Wells draw source water from the aquifer and deliver it to the ground surface. All source water is disinfected with Sodium Hypochlorite solution prior to entering the main reservoir. Water from the main reservoir flows through a network of pipelines, pumps, and valves; ending up at your residence for consumption.
Our source water assessment report was completed by the Department of Health in 2004. Should you wish to review it, please contact Bill Moore at (808) 315-7563.
KRWC’s water is regularly tested for over 100 contaminants which are listed on the following page. A certified laboratory analyzes all water samples. The following table lists only those contaminants that have been detected. Please note that there were no violations of DOH standards with respect to the detected contaminants.
| Contaminant (units) Inorganic | MCL | MCLG | Level Detected | Range | Sample Date | Violation | Typical source |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nitrate as N (ppm} | 10 | 10 | 1.1 | NIA | 11/23 | none | Erosion of natural deposits Runoff from fertilizer use |
| Chromium (ppb) | 100 | 100 | 0 | NIA | 04/22 | none | Erosion of natural deposits |
| Sulfate (Unregulated mg/I} | 250 | NIA | 20.5 | NIA | 11/23 | none | |
| Sodium (Unregulated mg/I) | N/A | NIA | 46.0 | NIA | 04/22 | none | |
| Gross Alpha Particle (pci/1} | 15 | 0 | 0 | NIA | 07/22 | none | Erosion of natural deposits |
| Gross Beta Particle (pci/1) | 50* | 0 | 3.98 | NIA | 07/22 | none | Erosion of natural deposits |
*The MCL for Beta particles is 4 mrem/year. EPA considers 50 pCi/L to be the level of concern for Beta Particles
| Inorganic Metals | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead (ug/L) | 0 | 2.50 | 8/24 | none | Natural deposit erosion, plumbing corrosion |
Level detected is the 901h percentile of all samples collected
| Copper (ug/L) | 25 | 1300 | 8/24 | none | Natural deposit erosion, plumbing corrosion |
Level detected is the 90th percentile of all samples collected
| Disinfection Byproduct | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Total Trihalomethanes (ppb} | 80 | NIA | 13.6 | NIA | 2/24 | none | By-products of drinking water chlorination |
Acronyms and their definitions:
- (MCLG) Maximum Contaminant Level Goal: The level of a contaminant in drinking water below which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
- (MCL) Maximum Contaminant Level: The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
- (AL) Action Level: The concentration ofa contaminant which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements which a water system must follow.
- (N) : nitrogen
- {mg/L): milligrams per liter= parts per million(ppm)
CONTAMINANTS TESTED FOR IN YOUR DRINKING WATER
REGULATED CONTAMINANTS
Inorganic Contaminants
Arsenic Asbestos Barium Beryllium Cadmium
Chromium Copper Cyanide Fluoride Lead Mercury Nickel
Nitrate(measured as Nitrogen) Nitrite(measured as Nitrogen) Selenium
Thallium
Volatile Organic Contaminants
Benzene
Carbon tetrachloride(CTC)
Chlorobenzene
o-Dichlorobenzene p-Dichlorobenzene 1,2-Dichloroethane 1,1-Dichloroethylene
cis-1,2-Dichloroethylene trans-1,2-Dichloroethylene Dichloromethane
1,2-Dichloropropane(DCP) Ethylbenzene
Haloacetic acids(HAA5) Styrene Tetrachloroethylene(PCE) 1,2,4-Trichlorobenzene 1,1,1-Trichloroethane(TCA) 1,1,2-Trichloroethane Trichloroethylene(TCE) 1,2,3-Trichloropropane(TCP)
Total trihalomethanes(TTHMs) Toluene
Vinyl chloride m-Xylenes o-Xylenes
p-Xylenes
Microbiological Contaminants
Total Coliform bacteria Fecal Coliform and E. Coli
Radioactive Contaminants Alpha emitters Beta/photon emitters
Synthetic Organic Contaminants
2,4-D
2,4,5-TP (Silvex) Alachlor Atrazine
Benzo(a)pyrene(PAHs) Carbofuran Chlordane
Dalapon
Di(2-ethylhexyl)adipate Di(2-ethylhexyl)pthalate
Dibromochloropropane(DBCP) Dinoseb
Dioxin (2,3,7,8 – TCDD)
Diquat Endothal Endrin
Ethylene dibromide (EDB) Glyphosate Heptachlor
Heptachlor epoxide Hexachlorobenzene Hexachlorocyclopentadiene Lindane (gamma-BHC) Methoxychlor
Oxamyl [Vydate]
Paraquat
PCBs(Polychlorinated Biphenyls) Pentachlorophenol
Picloram Simazine Toxaphene
UNREGULATED CONTAMINANTS
Aldicarb
Aldicarb sulfone
Aldicarb sulfoxide
Aldrin
Bromobenzene Bromochloromethane Bromodichloromethane Bromomethane Butachlor
Carbaryl Chlorodibromomethane Chloroethane Chloroform Chloromethane
o-Chlorotoluene p-Chlorotoluene Dibromomethane Dicamba
m-Dichlorobenzene 1,1-Dichloroethane 2,2-Dichloropropane 1,3-Dichloropropane 1,1-Dichloropropene 1,3 Dichloropropene Dieldrin
3-Hydroxycarbofuran
Hexachlorobutadiene Methomyl Metolachlor Metribuzin Naphthalene Propachlor
Sodium Sulfate
1,1,1,2-Tetrachloroethane 1,1,2,2-Tetrachloroethane 1,2,3-Trichlorobenzene
The purpose of unregulated contaminant monitoring is to assist the EPA in determining the occurrence of unregulated contaminants
in drinking water and whether future regulation is warranted.
General Information Relating to Drinking Water Contaminants and Health Risks
bottled water) include rivers, lakes, streams, ponds, reservoirs, springs. and wells. As water travels over the surface of the land or through the ground, it dissolves naturally-occurring m[nerals and, in some cases, radioactive material, and can pick up substances resulting from the presence of animals or from human activity.
Contaminants that may be present in source water include.
- Microbial contaminants, such as viruses and bacteria, which may come from sewage treatment
- plants. septic systems, agricultural livestock operations. and wildlife.
- Inorganic contaminants, such as salts and metals, which can be naturally-occurring or result from
- urban storm water runoff, industrial or domestic wastewater discharges, oil and gas production, mining, or farming.
- Pesticides and herbicides, which may come from a variety of sources such as agriculture, urban storm
- water runoff, and residential uses.
- Organic chemical contaminants. including synthetic and volatile organic chemicals, which
- are by-products of industrial processes and petroleum production, and can also come from gas stations, urban storm water runoff, and septic systems.
- Radioactive contaminants, which can be naturally occurring or be the result of oil and gas production
- and mining activities.
- Lead ·•1f present, elevated levels of lead can cause serious health problems. especially for pregnant
- women and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and components associated with service lines and home plumbing. The Kawaihae Unit #I Water System is responsible for providing high quality drinking water, but cannot control the variety of materials used in plumbing components. When your water has been sitting for several hours, you can minimize the potential for lead exposure by flushing your tap for 30 seconds to 2 minutes before using water for drinking or cooking. If you are concerned about lead in your water, you may wish to have your water tested. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available from the Safe Drinking Water Hotline or at http://www.epa.gov/sarewater/lead.”
In order to ensure that tap water is safe to drink, EPA prescribes regulations which limit the amount of certain contaminants in water provided by public water systems. FDA regulations establish limits for contaminants in bottled water, which must provide the same protection for public health.
Drinking water, including bottled water. may reasonably be expected to contain at least small amounts of some contaminants. The presence of contaminants does not necessarily indicate that water poses a health risk.
More infonnation about contaminants and potential health effects can be obtained by calling the Environmental Protection Agency’s Safe Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-4791 ).
Important Information Regarding Drinking Water Contaminants and lmmuno-Compromised Persons Some people may be more vulnerable to contaminants in drinking water than the general population. lmmuno-<:ompromised persons such as persons with cancer undergoing chemotherapy, persons who have undergone organ transplants, people with HIV/AIDS or other immune system disorders, some elderly, and infants can be parti<:ularly at risk from inrections. These people should seek advice about drinking water from their health care providers. EPA/CDC guidelines on appropriate means to lessen the risk of infection by Cryptosporidium and other microbial contaminants are available from the Sare Drinking Water Hotline (800-426-479] ).
Additional information
For additional information concerning this report contact: Mr. Brandon Basilio
Operations Manager
Pura! Water Specialty Co., Inc. 94-405 Maikoiko Street
Waipahu. HI 96797
Telephone: (808) 488-8434
Opportunities for Public/Consumer Participation We welcome your input and participation in the
decision-makmg process that affects the quality of the drinking water supplied to you by the Kawaihae Unit #I Water System. Should you desire to provide input or have pertinent comments regarding our system, please contact Mr. Ian lchimura or the Owner’s Representative, Jim Du Pont at (808) 887-6053, Supervisor, Department of Hawaiian Homelands.
KAWAIHAE UNIT#I Water System Report to the Consumer for Calendar Year 2024
Introduction
This report is being made available to you pursuant to the requirements of the I 996 Amendments to the Federal Safe Drinking Water Act, which requires this water system provide information to its consumers related to personal health-based decisions regarding their drinking water consumption. The Kawaihae Unit# I Water System services the Kawaihae Subdivision. It is owned and operated by the Dept. of Hawaiian Home Lands. This water system had no violation of State or Federal safe drinking water regulations in 2024.
Definitions ofTenns Used in This Report Maximum Contaminant Level Goal or MCLG: The level of a contaminant in drinking water below, which there is no known or expected risk to health. MCLGs allow for a margin of safety.
Maximum Contaminant Level or MCL: The highest level of a contaminant that is allowed in drinking water. MCLs are set as close to the MCLGs as feasible using the best available treatment technology.
Action level: The concentration of a contaminant, which, if exceeded, triggers treatment or other requirements, which a water system must follow.
Maximum Residual Disinfection Level Goal or MRDLG the level of drinking water disinfection below, which there is no expected risk to health. MRDLG ‘s do not reflect the benefits of the use of disinfectants to control microbial contaminants.
Maximum Residual Disinfection Level or MRDL= the highest level of a disinfectant allowed in drinking water. There is convincing evidence that addition of a disinfectant is necessary for control of microbial contaminants.
Water Source lnfonnation
The Kawaihae Unit #I (DHHL) Water System is a consecutive water system supplied by the Kohala Ranch Water Supply. Kawaihae Unit #I Water System adds chlorine to your drinking water. The water is disinfected by DHHL Water System contractor to ensure that your water meets the Safe Drinking Water Regulations of the EPA and the State of Hawaii Department of Health. The results of the 2024 testing of your water were all within the limits prescribed by EPA and the State. The State of Hawaii, SDWB completed a source water assessment for this water system in 2004. The result of the assessment is available for review by contacting Mr. Brandon Basilio at (808) 488-8434.
Contaminants Detected in Kawaihae Unit# I Water System
This system is required to test for over 80 different drinking water contaminants. The table below lists only those drinking water contaminants that were detected in the water system. The presence of these contaminants in the water does not necessarily indicate that the water poses a health risk. Unless otherwise noted, the data presented in the table are from testing done January I-December 31, 2024. The State allows us to monitor for some contaminants less than once per year because the concentration of these contaminants does not change frequently.
Lead and Copper Rule Revision
Lead can cause serious health effects in people of all ages, especially pregnant people, infants (both formula-fed and breastfed), and young children. Lead in drinking water is primarily from materials and parts used in service lines and in home plumbing. Our water system is responsible for providing high quality drinking water and removing lead pipes, but cannot control the variety of materials used in the plumbing in your home. Because lead levels may vary over time, lead exposure is possible even when your tap sampling results do not detect lead at one point in time. You can help protect yourself and your family by identifying and removing lead materials within your home plumbing and taking steps to reduce your family’s risk. Using a filter, certified by an American National Standards Institute accredited certifier to reduce lead, is effective in reducing lead exposures. Follow the instructions provided with the filter to ensure the filter is used properly. Use only cold water for drinking, cooking, and making baby formula. Boiling water does not remove lead from water. Before using tap water for drinking, cooking, or making baby fonnula, flush your pipes for several minutes. You can do this by running your tap, taking a shower, doing laundry or a load of dishes. If you have a lead service line or galvanized requiring replacement service line, you may need to flush your pipes for a longer period. If you are concerned about lead in your water and wish to have your water tested, contact Pura) Water Specialty at (808) 488-8434. Information on lead in drinking water, testing methods, and steps you can take to minimize exposure is available at https://,..vww.epa.gov/safewater/lead.
A Lead Service Line Inventory has been completed for our water system and is publicly available upon request. Additionally, the lead sampling data for our water system is also publicly available upon request. To obtain a copy of the Lead Service Line Inventory or lead sampling data, please contact Pural Water Specialty at (808) 488-8434.
![]()
Table of EPA Regulated Contaminants Detected in the Kawaihae Unit #1 Water System
MCL-Maximum Contaminant Level
MCL-Maximum Contaminant Level
MCL-Maximum Contaminant Level
MRDL=Maximum residual disinfection levels
MRDLG-Maximum residual disinfection levels goals.
ppm-parts per million, or milligrams per liter (mg/I)
ppb…parts per billion, or micrograms per liter (µg/1)
| Regulated Contaminant | Unit | MCL | MCLG | Highest Detected Contaminant Level | Range of Detected Contaminant Levels | Likely Source(s) of Contamination | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorine | ppm | 4.0 | 4.0 | 0.30 | 0.20 -0.30 | Added to water during the water treatment process | 2024 Test Results |
| Total Trihalomethanes | ppb | 80 | NIA | 7.9 | NIA | By-product of drinking water disinfection | 2024 Test Results |
| (TTHM) | |||||||
| Haloacetic Acids | ppb | 60 | NIA | 1.4 | NIA | By-product of drinking water disinfection | 2024 Test Results |
| (HAAS) |
Copper Testing
| Contaminant | Unit | Action Level (AL) | MCLG | 901• Percentile Result | # of Sites Exceedin2 the AL | Range of Detection | Likely Source(s) of Contamination | Remarks |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Lead | ppb | IO | 0 | ND | 0 | ND | Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits. | 2023 Test Results |
| Copper | ppb | 1,300 | 1,300 | ND | 0 | ND | Corrosion of household plumbing systems; erosion of natural deposits. | 2023 Test Results |
For lead and copper: the 90th percentile concentration of the most recent round(s) of sampling, the number of sampling sites exceeding the action level, and the range of tap sampling results are shown.